Minerals are broadly categorised into two groups: macrominerals and trace minerals. Macrominerals, such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium, are needed in larger amounts and are integral for bone health, muscle function, and fluid balance. Trace minerals, including iron, zinc, and selenium, are required in smaller doses but are no less important, supporting everything from oxygen transport to immune defence.
The Architect of Bones: Calcium
Calcium stands out as the most abundant mineral in the human body. It's the cornerstone of bone health, essential for maintaining strength and structure. But its role extends beyond just our skeletons – calcium is also vital for blood clotting, nerve signalling, and muscle contraction.
The Energiser: Magnesium
Magnesium, the fourth most abundant mineral in the body, is a key player in over 300 enzymatic reactions. It's the spark plug of our energy production, assists with muscle and nerve function, and is a supporter of the immune system. Despite its importance, many diets are deficient in magnesium, leading to a range of health issues.
Electrolyte Excellence: Potassium and Sodium
Potassium and sodium work hand in hand as electrolytes, helping to conduct electrical charges in the body. They are pivotal in maintaining fluid balance, muscle contractions, and nerve signals. A delicate balance between the two is essential, as too much sodium can lead to hypertension, while inadequate potassium can cause weakness and heart irregularities.
The Oxygen Carrier: Iron
Iron's claim to fame is its role in haemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body. Iron deficiency is one of the most common mineral deficiencies worldwide, leading to anaemia and resulting in fatigue and weakened immunity.
The Immune Booster: Zinc
Zinc is the second most abundant trace mineral in the body and is critical for a healthy immune system. It also aids in wound healing, DNA synthesis, and growth during pregnancy, infancy, and childhood.
The Defender: Selenium
Selenium is a powerful antioxidant, protecting cells from damage by combating free radicals. It also plays a role in maintaining a healthy metabolism and thyroid function.